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Chicago citation style

A guide to citing sources using the Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition

Journal articles in print

Article with one author

If there is no issue number, the colon will directly follow the volume number.

Reference list format:

Last name, First name. Year. "Article Title." Journal Title volume # (issue #): pages.

Sample reference list entry:

Cox, Gordon. 1977. "A Newfoundland Christmas Caroling Tradition." Folk Music Journal 3 (3): 242-60.

Article with multiple authors

Unlike your in-text citation, the reference list citation should include all authors' names, no matter how many.

Sample reference list entry:

Hamilton, Lawrence C., Richard L. Haedrich, and Cynthia M. Duncan. 2007. "Above and Below the Water: Social/Ecological Transformation in Northwest Newfoundland." Population and Environment 25 (3): 195-215.

Journal articles accessed online (i.e., ejournal articles)

Include the DOI or digital object identifier at the end of the citation. If it is not available, include the name of the database instead; do not include library database URLs.

Sample reference list entries:

Pepin, Pierre, Eugene Colbourne, and Gary Maillet. 2011. "Seasonal Patterns in Zooplankton Community Structure on the Newfoundland and Labrador Shelf." Progress in Oceanography 91 (3): 273-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2011.01.003.

Heckel, Sandi. 2017 "Soundscapes: Using Informal Learning Pedagogy to Create aCanadian Strand of Musical Futures."Canadian Music Educator 58, no. 2 (Winter): 12-16. Music Index.

Magazine articles

It is usually sufficient to cite magazines just within the text of your paper. Indicate the author, “Article Title”, Magazine Title and date. Page numbers are not included. URLs are not necessary for online magazine articles.

Sample in-text citation:

As Harry Wilson noted, “the bountiful catches would not last” (“When Cod Was King,” Canadian Geographic, December 2013).

Newspaper articles

In Chicago Style, newspaper articles are rarely included in your reference list. Refer to them in your in-text citation only. Indicate the author, "Article Title", Newspaper Title, and date.

Sample in-text citation:

In Dianne Crocker's article about Corner Brook's mill whistle, she notes, "there's even a nostalgia to the whistle where people equate it with home" (Western Star, March 5, 2012).